El Acuerdo de Escazú busca garantizar el derecho de todas las personas a tener acceso a la información de manera oportuna y adecuada, a participar de manera significativa en las decisiones que afectan sus vidas, entorno y a acceder a la justicia cuando estos derechos hayan sido vulnerados.
El objetivo del Acuerdo engloba los llamados “derechos de acceso” que son son también considerados como derechos llave, porque permiten acceder a la realización de otros derechos que dependen directamente de un medio ambiente sano.
Oportuna, comprensible y culturalmente apropiada.
Artículo 5: “Cada Parte deberá garantizar el derecho del público de acceder a la información ambiental que está en su poder, bajo su control o custodia, de acuerdo con el principio de máxima publicidad”.
En procesos de toma de decisiones en asuntos ambientales.
Artículo 7: “Cada Parte deberá asegurar el derecho de participación del público y, para ello, se compromete a implementar una participación abierta e inclusiva en los procesos de toma de decisiones ambientales, sobre la base de los marcos normativos interno e internacional.”
Frente a hechos que afecten la integridad del medio ambiente.
Artículo 8: “Cada Parte garantizará el derecho a acceder a la justicia en asuntos ambientales de acuerdo con las garantías del debido proceso.”
Para personas defensoras de los derechos humanos en asuntos ambientales.
Artículo 9: “Cada Parte garantizará un entorno seguro y propicio en el que las personas, grupos y organizaciones que promueven y defienden los derechos humanos en asuntos ambientales puedan actuar sin amenazas, restricciones e inseguridad”.
La atención a estos grupos es un objetivo transversal del acuerdo: se propone contar con medidas específicas para personas o grupos en situación de vulnerabilidad que incluyen a mujeres, jóvenes, pueblos originarios, entre otros.
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